This presentation, led by Neal Edwards, Principal Member of Technical Staff and Data Architect at AMD, explores the evolving landscape of product security and anti-counterfeiting in the semiconductor industry. It emphasizes the critical role of transparency, standardized product identifiers, and secure information exchange across all components—from surface parts to ASICs and racks. Key topics include the importance of robust product identification systems (such as serial numbers, barcodes, and cryptographic digests) for tracking and authenticating hardware throughout the supply chain. The presentation introduces the Hardware Bill of Materials (HBOM) framework, developed in collaboration with the Department of Homeland Security and CISA, which provides a consistent methodology for naming, identifying, and assessing supply chain risks related to security, compliance, and availability. Further, the session addresses the growing need for immutable device provenance, especially as government regulations and customer expectations drive demand for resilient, transparent supply chains. It highlights the Silicon Provenance Initiative, which leverages industry-standard metadata, cryptographic signatures, and third-party audits to ensure device authenticity and traceability. The presentation also discusses enhancements to HBOM specifications, the adoption of digital product passports for secure data sharing, and strategies to empower supply chain transparency through simplified information management and collaborative digital solutions. The overarching goal is to build resilient, sustainable, and trustworthy supply chains that can adapt to emerging security challenges and regulatory requirements.